| Mechanism | * Inhibits Na/K/2Cl pump in ascending loop of Henle * Inhibits reabsorption of Na, K and water leading to their loss |
| Typical Dose | 20-40mg PO OD, taken in morning |
| Indications | * Oedema secondary to LVF/HF * Oliguria secondary to renal failure |
| Contra-indications | * Hypovolaemia/dehydration * Severe hypokalaemia/hyponatraemia * Comatose states |
| Side-effects | OH DANG O - ototoxicity H - hypokalemia D - dehydration A - allergy N - nephritis G - gout |
| Interactions | * Antibiotics: ↑ risk of ototoxicity associated with aminoglycosides, colistin and aminoglycosides * Digoxin: furosemide-induced hypokalaemia, increased effects of Digoxin * Lithium: ↓ excretion - so higher risk of toxicity |
| Elimination | |
| Additional Notes | Loop diuretics more effective that thiazide |