Alpha-fetoprotein (αFP) | Germ cell/testicular Hepatocellular | Diagnosis monitoring treatment, detecting recurrence | Colorectal, gastric, hepatobiliary, lung | Cirrhosis, Pregnancy, neural tube defects |
Human chorionic gonadotrophin (hCG) | Germ cell/testicular gestational trophoblastic | Diagnosis, prognosis, monitoring | Lung | Pregnancy |
Calcitonin | Medullary thyroid | ⇑ | N/A | c-cell hyperplasia |
CA125 | Ovarian | Monitoring and prognosis | Breast, cervical, endometrial, hepatocellular, lung, NHL, pancreatic, medullary thyroid, peritoneal, uterine | Liver disease, CF, pancreatitis, urinary retention, diabetes, HF, Pregnancy, SLE, sarcoid, RA, diverticulitis, IBS, Endometriosis, fibroids |
CA19-9 | Pancreatic | Monitoring | Colorectal, gastric, hepatocellular, oesophageal, ovarian | Acute cholangitis, cholestasis, pancreatitis, diabetes, IBS, Jaundice |
CA15-3 | Breast | Monitoring | Hepatocellular, pancreatic | Cirrhosis, benign breast disease, can be raised normally |
Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) | Colorectal | Monitoring | Breast, gastric, lung, mesothelioma, oesophageal, pancreatic | Smoking, chronic liver & kidney disease, diverticulitis, Jaundice |
Paraproteins | Myeloma | Diagnosis, monitoring, treatment, detect recurrence | N/A | N/A |
Thyroglobulin | Thyroid (follicular/ papillary) | Monitoring, detect recurrence | N/A | N/A |