Irreversible liver damage - loss of normal hepatic architecture

  • Most commonly caused by alcohol abuse or HBV/HCV
  • Leuconychia from the hypoalbuminaemia
  • clubbing
  • Palmar erythema
  • Duputrens contracture
  • Spider naevi

Cirrhosis may be present for years before becoming decompensated: Jaundice, Ascites or encephalopathy. Very bad prognostically but the following can be reversed to improve outcomes:

  1. Dehydration
  2. Constipation
  3. Covert alcohol use
  4. Infection (eg spontaneous peritonitis)
  5. Opiate over-use (constipation)
  6. Occult GI bleed
  7. (Portal vein thrombosis)