Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation
Excess clotting uses up all clotting factors which leads to excessive bleeding. Microvascular thrombosis tissue ischaemia
Many causes: trauma, fat necrosis, blood incompatability, liver disease, infection, Sepsis, cancer
Treat underlying cause and give platelet transfusions
Liver disease
Makes clotting factor components and protein C and S. Damage to the liver can lead to:
- Cirrhotic coagulopathy
- Platelet dysfunction
- Thrombocytopenia
Limited treatment options - platelet tx, FFP/prothrombin complex, cryoprecipitate or fibinogen concentrate
Renal disease
Drugs accumulating in renal failure (Penicillins) can bind to platelets and block their receptors.
Anaemia can lead to decreased platelet interaction which then causes more platelet function
- Easy bruising , petechia, gum bleeding, nosebleeds etc
- Patients with uncontrolled high BP and on dialysis increased risk of ICH
Correct Anaemia and avoid antiplatelet drugs
Vitamin K deficiency
FII, VII, IX, X deficiency
- Prolonged PT aPTT
- Caused by broad spec antibiotics, diet, obstructive Jaundice
- Treat with vit K supplements