COPD, bronchitis, emphysema

Bronchitis

• Inflammation of the bronchials - chronic form is part of COPD

• Acute form usually caused by virus in children (Haemophilus influenzae in bacterial)

• Mainly inflammation that causes airway narrowing

Emphysema

• Damage to alveoli by breaking down walls between them
• Destruction of elastic fibres

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COPD

Combination of chronic bronchitis and emphysema

• Chemicals and heat trigger inflammation in bronchi and lung parenchyma $\to$ scarring, mucus hyperplasia, alveolar wall loss (emphysema)
• Mainly in smokers
• NOT A CAUSE OF clubbing