Two anatomical patterns: bronchopneumonia following bronchi and lobar pneumonia 90% S. pneumoniae

Bacterial

  • Usually rapid onset
  • Productive cough
  • SOB
  • Fatigue, anorexia, myalgia, fever
  • Dull to percuss with reduced air entry

Community acquired when in hospital for 48hr+

CURB-65 Score: 2+ points hospital

Confusion Urea >7mmol/L RR >30 BP <90 systolic or <60 diastolic 65+

CAP - S. pneumoniae HAP - E. coli, Klebsiella spp, Enterbacter spp VAP - Pseudomonas spp Aspiration - anaerobes


Viral

  • Influenza A and B in adults
  • RSV and parainfluenza in children
  • Herpes Viruses in immunocompromised